As this year’s red shirt drama looks set to end soon (or maybe not?), Giles Ji Ungpakorn asks what they have achieved so far. Here are his thoughts:
What have the Red Shirts achieved?
1. The Red Shirts have shown that they are a genuine mass movement for Democracy made up of ordinary working people in rural and urban areas. They have shown that the crisis is about CLASS. They have shown that the Red Shirts are a grass roots movement which will not disappear easily.
2. The Red Shirts have exposed the real and bloody nature of the military-backed Government which can only stay in power through repression and blanket censorship.
3. The struggle of the Red Shirts has turned ordinary people into leaders; into internet and media experts who can get around censorship in order to spread their message. [...]
4. They have stood up to the army and shown that it is not a simple matter to just shoot down pro-democracy demonstrators. In the process they have caused splits in the police force and lower ranks of the army.
5. They have forced the Government to speed up elections.
I mostly agree with (2), (3) and (5). As for (1) and (4), the splits within security forces are certainly evident but I am still reluctant to bestow the words “pro-democracy” on the reds. One of my issues with the reds is if they are really campaigning for democracy as they claim, I believe they should expose and criticise not only the Amarts but also Thaksin and co.
For this reason it is probably more accurate to define the reds in terms of what they fight against (explicitly, at least) rather than what they stand for. The BBC, for example, calls the reds “anti-government protesters”. The MediaWar blog sees the reds as an “anti-establishment movement.” There is still a long way to go before they can truly be called pro-democracy.
17 Responses to Giles: What Have the Red Shirts Achieved?
Giles Ji Ungpakorn: What have the Red Shirts achieved? « GJBKK Blog
May 11th, 2010 at 3:25 am
[...] Tumbler Blog has beat me to this and basically I agree with his comments but the writer is reluctant to portray the UDD as a true “pro-democracy” movement but more of a “anti-government protesters” a term used by the BBC. [...]
Anonymous
May 11th, 2010 at 5:07 am
Yes, I reluctantly agree as well. There was a film produced some years ago about the cycle of despotic regimes in one of the banana republics of central or South America – I can’t quite remember the name of it. The freedom fighters would wage war agains the government, and win, then become despotic in their turn in order to hold on to power, which would bring another bunch of freedom fighters who would win … and so on.
This is my main dismal fear about the reds, because at heart, Thailand is just another tin-pot banana republic, and I worry about the likes of Chalerm, Thaksin, Sudarat and some of the other irredeemably corrupt godfather figures who are waiting in the wings to profit from the work of the rural people they have likewise exploited and plundered.
I wish I could see an answer – it certainly isn’t Giles’ red-coloured glasses vision of the land, he is destined to be disappointed and he should know better because he is half-Thai.
Personally I echo someone else’s thoughts I saw recently, in that Thailand is still awaiting a charismatic figure to lead the nation into democracy and make fundamental changes to the endemic and omnipresent corruption that has always dragged the country down and in the absence of a seismic shift in the consciousness of the Thai, will continue to drag it down. A charismatic and honest person to lead enough honest and determined Thais to make a difference – a pipe dream I fear.
What may be needed to stop the corruption is an underground movement to start kidnapping corrupt officials, starting at the top of the tree and working down. Give them a bullet in the head at 2am and hang them from a lamp-pole with a notice around their neck saying “I stole from the Thai people I was employed to serve”. After the first few hundred, the others would probably get the message.
It would never work though, one of their number would sell them out for 30 pieces of silver. So back to the futility of it all.
tumblerblog
May 11th, 2010 at 6:11 am
@Anonymous above:
Indeed it’s intriguing to picture what would happen if the reds actually won. Would we just get a new despotic regime in place of the old one? One could argue that we’d better continue to stagger on in this half-baked democratic state than turn into another banana republic… but who knows?
Having said that, I’m not sure I agree with your point on the need for Thailand to seek a charismatic figure to lead the revolution. That kind of view strikes me as scarily conservative – you know, it’s just another way of saying “ordinary people cannot be trusted” which happens to be the PAD’s official slogan or something close to it. I might be too idealistic, but I’ve had enough of listening to the media constantly lavishing praises upon certain ‘charismatic’ figures in this country already…
Also, in terms of what the reds have actually achieved, I just came across an interesting post on a Thai forum. There, someone pertinently asked: “What’s the difference between PM’s initial offer of election next January (which he proposed during the televised peace talks) and current one (election in November) except 25 deaths?” It’s so true. Was it worth the loss of of lives when all the reds have managed to do is to move the election forward by two months?
Anonymous
May 11th, 2010 at 8:10 am
It is difficult not to be seduced by the Thai notion of charisma equating to ‘barami’. Otherwise, I agree with you wholeheartedly given that single adjustment. Charisma is a personal attribute, not one bestowed by the ability to distribute patronage as ‘barami’ is. I too am horrified by the kind of people that Thais appear to look up to.
The person I fantasise would be an ordinary person, but possessed of extra-ordinary (for a Thai) clarity of thought, vision and integrity. Such a person would need to be an example others could follow that would be different to the examples already provided and followed. Such a person would need to have the common touch and be strong enough to both resist and strike down corruption.
Unfortunately, in my humble opinion, such a man (or woman) would be assassinated early as he began to interfere with established interests, hence my contemplation of a ‘Star Chamber’ approach, but of course a star chamber would be very likely to become simply another unaccountable group so safeguards would need to be established that would prevent the usual anarchical behaviour of Thais from making it into a vehicle for personal feuds and vengeance.
Gloomily perhaps, years of living in Thailand have convinced me that the rot in Thai society is so all-pervasive that 3 generations would be required to bring it into line with the kind of morality, social responsibility and ethical framework that you or I might recognise as such. 3 generations if it were done by consensus and design, however both concepts are foreign to Thais who tend to have a short span of attention, a disinterest in matters that do not directly and obviously effect them, and a pragmatism that negates all ethical and moral precepts. They are amoral and they have been trained and taught to be amoral by the propaganda machine which extols amoral behaviour and pretends it is something else.
So to achieve change requires, paradoxically, a group of very moral and upright people to behave outside of the bounds of that morality and uprightness. A star chamber backed by a network of loyal enactors. In short, it will require 10 years of people hanging from lamp-poles with notices around their necks.
I doubt anything else will work. Thailand is already ungovernable, it’s already a failed state.
David Brown
May 11th, 2010 at 8:29 am
you are insulting the people when you claim Thaksin was despotic
when challenged Thaksin called an election to let the people choose
the people chose him and you didnt like it
sorry, democracy should teach people like you to
a. develop policies that enough people feel are worthwhile!
b. accept the majority vote
c. try harder next time
or do you really like the military controlling Thailand?
with politicians coming and going at their choice?
A Real Ultimatum, Really?
May 11th, 2010 at 4:22 pm
[...] The end is near, or so we thought. Some commentators were already putting up their final red protest analysis – such as Prof. Federico Ferrara’s The End of the Beginning, or exiled Giles Ji Ungpakorn getting at the heart of what the reds may have achieved. [...]
Anonymous
May 11th, 2010 at 4:59 pm
Not sure who you are referring to here David, but as a generic response yes, most people consider he was a despot, or at least a latent despot, and I believe they are right.
But that’s not the point, the point here is (as I have said before): he may have been a dishonest, corrupt latent despot, and an all-around shit, but he was the people’s choice and the people’s choice must be recognised in a democracy.
Where the amart have seriously blundered is in not recognising that the time they could act with impunity, suborn the courts and have them do their job for them has long gone. The unseating of Thaksin in 2006 has created a quantum leap in awareness among the rural people in the North and North-East, and they are have posted notice they are not going to be treated like beasts of burden any more. Quite right too.
So, if you think I believe Thaksin was corrupt, you are right. If you think I believe he was a latent despot, you are right. If you think that makes me a royalist you could not be more wrong. And if you think it makes me blind, you could also not be more wrong.
Thaksin was the democratically elected Prime Minister of Thailand. The most recent democratically-elected Prime Minister of Thailand, and we all know precisely who is responsible for the fact that he is no longer the democratically-elected Prime Minister of Thailand. It’s not a family, it’s not some ill-defined network of people, it’s not even a group of people, it’s just one person and history will remember that person very poorly.
As a matter of interest, I believe that as dastardly as Thaksin was, if he could be made honest and shown how to throw off the millstone of Thai culture, he would actually make a very good President. Not of Thailand of course, but somewhere different…
findnut
May 11th, 2010 at 6:53 pm
I disagree with your comment that the reds could not be called pro-democracy.
I think people have different difinitions of what constitues democracy. Some like you, me and many orther ‘truly pro-democracy’ would certainly put liberal prejudices into the defition (that democracy means individual’s rights are respected – somethings Thaksin certainly had not done during his premiership)
But shouldn’t we accept that there exist other types(less sophiticated perhaps) of democracy as well. The one I think of is Majoritarian democracy (view of majority get implimented)
Surely, it’s better, even necessary that we should have liberal democracy instead of the majoritarian one. But I think it’s a bit unfair to say that what the reds are now doing (essentially, I think, is just demanding that the view of majority of Thais is respected) doesnot contribute anything to democratisation in our country.
tumblerblog
May 11th, 2010 at 10:22 pm
@Nut:
Agree that we can interpret democracy in different ways. The Schumpeterian school of thought sees democracy in procedural terms i.e. democracy is a mechanism where political elites compete for power. Accordingly, elections are the primary concerns for Schumpeterains, and certainly the red movement over the years has made contributions to the country’s democratisation in this regard.
As I commented elsewhere, however, I would call some reds pro-democracy but not all of them. To apply the pro-democracy tag to the movement as a whole is rather misleading and gives a wrong impression in my view. Many reds are still Thaksin loyalists who pretty much disregard checks & balances and only care about the fact that Thaksin was an elected leader. Election is by no means unimportant but that doesn’t mean you can sweep everything else under the carpet.
banglen
May 12th, 2010 at 12:27 am
Abhisit Vejjajiva is my hero. His was born and educated in UK. He his Eatonian, Oxford scholar, debate team leader, etc. He is a rich boy from a high class Thai family, I don’t know what’s he is doing in Thai politics (He doesn’t even know what a Thai basic needs are). He is definitely qualify to run for a UK post. If Thai people really need a good English speaker and foreign born for a leader then they should hire any white guy with good public speaking skill to run the country(its cheaper).
I hope he just leaves Thai people alone and go back to where he was born.
Someone
May 12th, 2010 at 12:44 am
@Nut:
The problem is what most people understand when the Red’s use the word “Democracy”. We look at it from our western experiences and automatically believe that they mean our understanding of “Democracy”. And that is the reason why we are so supportive here. But how do we know that their understanding of “Democracy” matches ours ?
Looking closer into this conflict it appears, that there are at least two other meanings of “Democracy”:
1) to some of the Red leaders and background actors it is: We just want the upper hand
2) to the masses it is: we want respect and a fair chance
@1) Most of the high profile red background actors were part of the amart before, or had a profitable business with them.They did support the system up to a certain point. Even under Thaksin the basic system was never touched, let alone changed.
When listening to the words from red stage there were little signs of respect to other ideas. It was always fight & win or surrender. Provoking bloodshed and anarchy. How can we expect the same people to obey laws, once they are in power ?
Look at the current organization of the reds. Are their decisions based on democratic principles ? Do they ask the people if they should accept Abhisits roadmap ? How can we expect these people not to use the Thai system they have learned over decades for their own benefit, once they are in power ? Just look at the history of Chavalit and others.
@2) How many people are educated enough to understand abstract democratic principles and systems to have an educated opinion ? And then would go out into the streets and participate in protests like this ? There need to be strong suffering points: arbitrariness of law and institutions, and the visible greed and ignorance of some amart and other rich people. They don’t really care who is governing them and how, as long as they receive respect and a fair chance.
robuzo
May 12th, 2010 at 3:56 am
- except for being born to a rich Thai family, isn’t this what the Thai people are getting in Mark Yuan? He may not be Caucasian, but he looks like a model for skin-whitening products, and is a fine public speaker.
StanG
May 12th, 2010 at 5:49 am
Check out this latest report by Prawit, from red lines
http://www.nationmultimedia.com/home/2010/05/12/politics/Red-map-not-democratic-a-key-red-member-30129106.html
Key point I immediately noticed:
“Another weak point is most discussions on stage focus on attacking the aristocratic elite, while very little is said about the problems of ordinary protesters.
“They don’t address the economic plight of people. We know there are many motorcycle taxi drivers, but nothing is ever said about their problems,” Sombat said.”
Red “movement”, starting from old TRT days is a new phenomenon – the political elites using the power of modern marketing to galvanize masses for a self-serving cause.
They do the research, come up with products and create bonds with customers.
Pretty much like “Apple fans” phenomenon.
anonymous
May 12th, 2010 at 4:02 pm
How is that a new phenomenon other than in the sense that the Reds are doing it Stan?
Thai governments and (…) have been doing it for decades, that, Olly, is how they got us all in this fine mess.
Note: Comment slightly edited
Emjay
May 12th, 2010 at 6:34 pm
I attended the announcement of the Red leaders’ initial response to the roadmap.
The first three speakers- Veera, Nattuwut, and Jatuporn, IIRC- received lukewarm applause at best when they announced their conditional acceptance, so I started to leave. As I approached the BTS station, I heard a speaker getting roars of approval and wondered what I was missing.
When I got home, I fired up Tweeter and found that I’d missed Kwanchai who’d peppered his “acceptance” with attacks on Abhisit and the likely dishonesty of the proposal. His speech caught the mood of the people and accurately presaged the Reds stubborn refusal to roll over and go home.
Not all democratic procedure involves balloting; voices can be heard at the Rajprasong stage, and not just those of the core leaders.
The leaders of the Reds, whatever we may think of them personally, cannot afford to go too obviously against the clearly expressed preferences of their audience.
That day, the loudest cry I heard from the crowd was “Su, su, su”. And so no one has gone anywhere.
findnut
May 13th, 2010 at 10:57 pm
@someone
aggree that there haven’t been DIRECT democratic procedures in the process. But I doubt if there are realitic alternatives. Note that even cabinet still not asking populace every time they take action i.e no referendum on every issue. politicians often implement the policy with expectation that the policy will make them more popular. In an ideal world (populace has time to consider each issue thoroughly etc), that would be perfect. But in reality, it s not pratical. What I mean here is that the priciple remains: you do what most people want then you get support/rewards in the futere – reelection for pol. parties and more crownds, cheer in rally. Mop organisation is always much more difficult than admintrative bussiness of cabinet. So i think that the current decision-making process of the red leaders doesn’t really bypass necessary decomractic elements, given practicalities in reality. If what some people say is true – that red guards use some threat to force people to stay -, that would difinitely be undemocratic.
On the leaders’ badness ‘amartness’ I completely agree with you. But as lord Action said ‘Power tend to corrupt’, I m not sure that most people in that position could resist temptation to abuse power, currupt etc. Some might, but a lot more ll just pretend to be noble n force people to believe so.
I think the ordinary reds crowds are using the leaders as much as the leaders use the crowds. If those leaders incl. Thaky were to behave like amarts in the future, will the people put up to it. I don’t think so.
Thai Songs
May 20th, 2010 at 2:11 pm
However the current violence turns, the situation is destined to remain volatile for years to come because the two sides are about equally split. If no compromise acceptable to both sides is reached, it could lead to widespread conflict, perhaps even civil war.